• Daisuke Kurosawa, Eiichi Murakami, Hiroshi Ozawa, Hiroaki Koga, Toyohiko Isu, Yasuhiro Chiba, Eiji Abe, Eiki Unoki, Yoshiro Musha, Keisuke Ito, Shinsuke Katoh, and Takuhiro Yamaguchi.
• Department of Orthopaedic Surgery/Low Back Pain and Sacroiliac Joint Center, JCHO Sendai Hospital, Sendai, Japan.
• Pain Med. 2017 Feb 1; 18 (2): 228-238.

ObjectiveSacroiliac joint (SIJ) pain originating from the posterior ligament manifests in not only the buttocks but also the groin and lower extremities and thus may be difficult to discern from pain secondary to other lumbar disorders. We aimed to develop a simple clinical diagnostic tool to help physicians distinguish between patients with SIJ pain originating from the posterior ligament and those with lumbar disc herniation (LDH) or lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSS).DesignProspective case-control study.Patients And MethodsWe evaluated 62 patients with SIJ pain originating from the posterior ligament and 59 patients with LDH and LSS. Pain areas, pain increasing positions, provocation test, and tenderness points were investigated. A scoring system based on multivariate logistic regression equations using the investigated items was developed.ResultsTwo pain areas (the posterosuperior iliac spine (PSIS) detected by the one-finger test and groin), pain while sitting on a chair, provocation test, and two tenderness points (PSIS and the sacrotuberous ligament) had high odds ratios (range, 25.87–1.40) and were used as factors in the scoring system. An integer score derived from the regression coefficient and clinical experience was assigned to each identified risk factor. The sum of the risk score for each patient ranged from 0–9. This scoring system had a sensitivity of 90.3% and a specificity of 86.4% for a positivity cutoff point of 4.ConclusionThe scoring system can help distinguish between patients with SIJ pain originating from the posterior ligament and those with LDH and LSS.

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