• Arn M J M van den Maagdenberg, Joost Haan, Gisela M Terwindt, and Michel D Ferrari.
• Department of Human Genetics, Leiden, The Netherlands.
• Curr. Opin. Neurol. 2007 Jun 1; 20 (3): 299-305.

Purpose Of ReviewGenetic and functional studies of mutations in familial hemiplegic migraine reveal a major role for disturbed ion transport. Gene identification in common, multifactorial migraine remains challenging.Recent FindingsSeveral new mutations have been identified in FHM1, FHM2 and FHM3 genes. Functional consequences of familial hemiplegic migraine mutations point to an important role for cortical spreading depression in migraine pathophysiology. New genetic approaches have been tested in common migraine - novel chromosomal loci - but no gene variants have been identified.SummaryIdentification and analysis of gene mutations in familial hemiplegic migraine revealed a major role for disturbed ion transport in this disorder. Cellular and transgenic mouse models of familial hemiplegic migraine genes suggest that increased potassium and glutamate play a role in the pathophysiology of the disorder. Despite progress, no genes have been discovered for common migraine.

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