• Monique H M van der Cammen-van Zijp, Anjo J W M Janssen, Marlou Ma Raets, Joost van Rosmalen, Paul Govaert, Katerina Steiner, Saskia J Gischler, Dick Tibboel, Arno F J van Heijst, Hanneke IJsselstijn, and Dutch ECMO follow-up team.
• Intensive Care and Department of Pediatric Surgery,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Physical Therapy, and.
• Pediatrics. 2014 Aug 1; 134 (2): e427-35.

ObjectiveTo assess longitudinally children's motor performance 5 to 12 years after neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and to evaluate associations between clinical characteristics and motor performance.MethodsTwo hundred fifty-four neonatal ECMO survivors in the Netherlands were tested with the Movement Assessment Battery for Children at 5, 8, and/or 12 years. Percentile scores were transformed to z scores for longitudinal evaluation (norm population mean = 0 and SD = 1). Primary diagnoses: meconium aspiration syndrome (n = 137), congenital diaphragmatic hernia (n = 49), persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (n = 36), other diagnoses (n = 32).ResultsFour hundred fifty-six tests were analyzed. At 5, 8, and 12 years motor performance was normal in 73.7, 74.8, and 40.5%, respectively (vs 85% expected based on reference values; P < .001 at all ages). In longitudinal analyses mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) z scores were -0.42 (-0.55 to -0.28), -0.25 (-0.40 to -0.10) and -1.00 (-1.26 to -0.75) at 5, 8, and 12 years, respectively. Mean score at 8 years was significantly higher than at 5 years (difference 0.16, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.30), and mean score at 12 years was significantly lower than at both other ages (differences -0.59 and -0.75; 95% CI -0.33 to -0.84 and -0.49 to -1.00, respectively). Children with congenital diaphragmatic hernia encountered problems at all ages. The presence of chronic lung disease was negatively related with outcome.ConclusionsMotor problems in neonatal ECMO survivors persist throughout childhood and become more obvious with time.Copyright © 2014 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.

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