• Mirjam Koerner, Markus Wirtz, Martina Michaelis, Heike Ehrhardt, Anne-Kathrin Steger, Eva Zerpies, and Jürgen Bengel.
• 1Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
• Clin Rehabil. 2014 Jan 1; 28 (1): 20-35.

ObjectiveEvaluation of the effect of the train-the-trainer programme 'Fit for Shared Decision-Making' on internal (team) and external (patient) participation in medical rehabilitation from a patient and staff perspective.DesignA multicentre, cluster-randomized controlled study.SettingEleven medical rehabilitation clinics, divided into intervention and control groups.SubjectsA staff and a patient survey were conducted pre- and post-intervention, plus a further patient survey six months later.InterventionTrain-the-trainer programme 'Fit for Shared Decision-Making' for interprofessional settings.Main MeasuresEach survey measured internal participation with a self-compiled six-item scale (Internal Participation Scale, IPS), and external participation by means of a nine-item Shared Decision-Making Questionnaire (SDM-Q-9) for the patients and for healthcare professionals.ResultsPatient samples numbered 402 for the pre-, 463 for the post-intervention data collection period and 461 six months after the intervention. Patients' appraisal of external participation (Fperiod x group (2) = 0.256, p=0.774, η(2)=0.000) showed no change, whereas internal participation (Fperiod x group (2) = 3.785, p=0.023, η(2)=0.007) showed a significant increase. A total of 195 healthcare professionals participated in the pre- and 168 in the post-intervention staff survey. Here external participation was significantly enhanced in the intervention group (F(period x group) (1) = 4.893, p=0.028, η(2)=0.014).ConclusionsThe train-the-trainer approach can be recommended for implementing internal and external participation in interprofessional settings such as medical rehabilitation clinics. However, there is a need for more intensive staff training for internal participation and an additional intervention for patients to achieve success in all aspects.

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