-
Chinese Med J Peking · Oct 2015
Improved Survival and Neurological Outcomes after Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Toll-like Receptor 4-mutant Mice.
- Li Xu, Qing Zhang, Qing-Song Zhang, Qian Li, Ji-Yuan Han, and Peng Sun.
- Department of Emergency, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China.
- Chinese Med J Peking. 2015 Oct 5; 128 (19): 2646-51.
BackgroundToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a crucial receptor in the innate immune system and noninfectious immune responses. It has been reported that TLR4 participates in the pathological course of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the role of TLR4 in the process of I/R injury after cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is still unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of TLR4 mutation on survival and neurological outcome in a mouse model of CA/CPR.MethodsA model of potassium-induced CA was performed on TLR4-mutant mice (C3H/HeJ) and wild-type mice (C3H/HeN). After 3 min of untreated CA, resuscitation was attempted with chest compression, ventilation, and intravenous epinephrine. Behavioral tests were performed on mice on day 3 after CPR. The morphological changes in hippocampal neurons were assessed by light and electron microscopy. Expressions of TLR4 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) were detected by Western blot. Levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsOn day 3 after resuscitation the overall mortality was 33.33% in C3H/HeJ group compared with 53.33% in C3H/HeN group (P < 0.05). And there was much higher central tendency in C3H/HeJ group than C3H/HeN group during open field test (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the percentage of nonviable neurons was 21.16% in C3H/HeJ group compared with 53.11% in C3H/HeN group (P < 0.05). And there were significantly lower levels of hippocampal TNF-α and MPO in C3H/HeJ mice (TNF-α: 6.85±1.19 ng/mL, MPO: 0.33±0.11 U/g) than C3H/HeN mice (TNF-α: 11.36±2.12 ng/mL, MPO: 0.54±0.17 U/g) (all P < 0.01). CPR also significantly increased the expressions of TLR4 and ICAM-1 in C3H/HeN group. However, the expression of ICAM-1 was much lower in C3H/HeJ group than in C3H/HeN group after CPR (P < 0.01).ConclusionTLR4 signaling is involved in brain damage and in inflammation triggered by CA/CPR.
Notes
Knowledge, pearl, summary or comment to share?You can also include formatting, links, images and footnotes in your notes
- Simple formatting can be added to notes, such as
*italics*
,_underline_
or**bold**
. - Superscript can be denoted by
<sup>text</sup>
and subscript<sub>text</sub>
. - Numbered or bulleted lists can be created using either numbered lines
1. 2. 3.
, hyphens-
or asterisks*
. - Links can be included with:
[my link to pubmed](http://pubmed.com)
- Images can be included with:
![alt text](https://bestmedicaljournal.com/study_graph.jpg "Image Title Text")
- For footnotes use
[^1](This is a footnote.)
inline. - Or use an inline reference
[^1]
to refer to a longer footnote elseweher in the document[^1]: This is a long footnote.
.