• Ping-Ru T Ko, Julie A Kientz, Eun Kyoung Choe, Matthew Kay, Carol A Landis, and Nathaniel F Watson.
• Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
• J Clin Sleep Med. 2015 Dec 15; 11 (12): 1455-61.

ObjectiveTo review sleep related consumer technologies, including mobile electronic device "apps," wearable devices, and other technologies. Validation and methodological transparency, the effect on clinical sleep medicine, and various social, legal, and ethical issues are discussed.MethodsWe reviewed publications from the digital libraries of the Association for Computing Machinery, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, and PubMed; publications from consumer technology websites; and mobile device app marketplaces. Search terms included "sleep technology," "sleep app," and "sleep monitoring."ResultsConsumer sleep technologies are categorized by delivery platform including mobile device apps (integrated with a mobile operating system and utilizing mobile device functions such as the camera or microphone), wearable devices (on the body or attached to clothing), embedded devices (integrated into furniture or other fixtures in the native sleep environment), accessory appliances, and conventional desktop/website resources. Their primary goals include facilitation of sleep induction or wakening, self-guided sleep assessment, entertainment, social connection, information sharing, and sleep education.ConclusionsConsumer sleep technologies are changing the landscape of sleep health and clinical sleep medicine. These technologies have the potential to both improve and impair collective and individual sleep health depending on method of implementation.© 2015 American Academy of Sleep Medicine.

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