• Annette A M Gerritsen, Henrica C W de Vet, Rob J P M Scholten, Frits W Bertelsmann, Marc C T F M de Krom, and Lex M Bouter.
• Institute for Research in Extramural Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands. aam.gerritsen.emgo@med.vu.nl
• JAMA. 2002 Sep 11; 288 (10): 1245-51.

ContextCarpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) can be treated with nonsurgical or surgical options. However, there is no consensus on the most effective method of treatment.ObjectiveTo compare the short-term and long-term efficacy of splinting and surgery for relieving the symptoms of CTS.Design, Setting, And PatientsA randomized controlled trial conducted from October 1998 to April 2000 at 13 neurological outpatient clinics in the Netherlands. A total of 176 patients with clinically and electrophysiologically confirmed idiopathic CTS were assigned to wrist splinting during the night for at least 6 weeks (89 patients) or open carpal tunnel release (87 patients); 147 patients (84%) completed the final follow-up assessment 18 months after randomization.Main Outcome MeasuresGeneral improvement, number of nights waking up due to symptoms, and severity of symptoms.ResultsIn the intention-to-treat analyses, surgery was more effective than splinting on all outcome measures. The success rates (based on general improvement) after 3 months were 80% for the surgery group (62/78 patients) vs 54% for the splinting group (46/86 patients), which is a difference of 26% (95% confidence interval [CI], 12%-40%; P<.001). After 18 months, the success rates increased to 90% for the surgery group (61/68 patients) vs 75% for the splinting group (59/79 patients), which is a difference of 15% (95% CI, 3%-27%; P =.02). However, by that time 41% of patients (32/79) in the splint group had also received the surgery treatment.ConclusionTreatment with open carpal tunnel release surgery resulted in better outcomes than treatment with wrist splinting for patients with CTS.

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