• Raymond L Benza, Mardi Gomberg-Maitland, Teresa Demarco, Adaani E Frost, Adam Torbicki, David Langleben, Tomas Pulido, Priscilla Correa-Jaque, Michael J Passineau, Howard W Wiener, Mayumi Tamari, Tomomitsu Hirota, Michiaki Kubo, and Hemant K Tiwari.
• 1 Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
• Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2015 Dec 1;192(11):1345-54.

RationalePulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive fatal disease. Variable response and tolerability to PAH therapeutics suggests that genetic differences may influence outcomes. The endothelin pathway is central to pulmonary vascular function, and several polymorphisms and/or mutations in the genes coding for endothelin (ET)-1 and its receptors correlate with the clinical manifestations of other diseases.ObjectivesTo examine the interaction of ET-1 pathway polymorphisms and treatment responses of patients with PAH treated with ET receptor antagonists (ERAs).MethodsA total of 1,198 patients with PAH were prospectively enrolled from 45 U.S. and Canadian pulmonary hypertension centers or retrospectively from global sites participating in the STRIDE (Sitaxsentan To Relieve Impaired Exercise) trials. Comprehensive objective measures including a 6-minute-walk test, Borg dyspnea score, functional class, and laboratory studies were completed at baseline, before the initiation of ERAs, and repeated serially. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms from ET-1 pathway candidate genes were selected from a completed genome-wide association study performed on the study cohort.Measurements And Main ResultsPatient efficacy outcomes were analyzed for a relationship between ET-1 pathway polymorphisms and clinical efficacy using predefined, composite positive and negative outcome measures in 715 European descent samples. A single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs11157866) in the G-protein alpha and gamma subunits gene was significantly associated, accounting for multiple testing, with a combined improvement in functional class and 6-minute-walk distance at 12 and 18 months and marginally significant at 24 months.ConclusionsET-1 pathway associated polymorphisms may influence the clinical efficacy of ERA therapy for PAH. Further prospective studies are needed.

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