• Ioanna Dimopoulou, Stylianos Orfanos, Anastasia Kotanidou, Olga Livaditi, Evangellos Giamarellos-Bourboulis, Chariklia Athanasiou, Ioanna Korovesi, Christina Sotiropoulou, Petros Kopterides, Ioannis Ilias, Kyriaki Kanellakopoulou, and Apostolos Armaganidis.
• Second Department of Critical Care Medicine, Attikon Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, 2 Pesmazoglou Street, 14 561 Kifissia, Athens, Greece. idimo@otenet.gr
• Cytokine. 2008 Mar 1; 41 (3): 263-7.

PurposeTo determine the inter-relationships between cytokine levels and physiological scores in predicting outcome in unselected, critically ill patients.MethodsTo this end, 127 patients (96 men), having a mean+/-SD age of 45+/-20 years, with a wide range in admission diagnoses (medical, surgical, and multiple trauma patients) were prospectively investigated. Severity of critical illness and organ dysfunction were graded by acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE II) and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores, respectively. Blood samples were drawn on admission in the ICU to determine pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-10. The main outcome measure was 28-day mortality.ResultsOverall, 88 patients survived and 39 patients died. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that SOFA, APACHE II, IL-8, IL-6, and IL-10 on admission in the ICU were related to mortality. Multiple logistic regression analysis in the entire cohort of critically ill patients revealed that SOFA (OR=1.341, p<0.001) and IL-6 (OR=1.075, p=0.01) constituted independent outcome predictors. receiver operator characteristics curve analysis showed that SOFA, APACHE II, and IL-6 had the highest area under the curve values. IL-6 correlated with APACHE II (r(s)=0.44, p<0.0001) and SOFA (r(s)=0.40, p<0.0001) scores.ConclusionsIn mixed ICU patients cytokine concentrations on admission in the ICU represent independent outcome predictors in the presence of disease severity scores.

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