• Onkar S Dhillon, Sohail Q Khan, Hafid K Narayan, Kelvin H Ng, Joachim Struck, Paulene A Quinn, Nils G Morgenthaler, Iain B Squire, Joan E Davies, Andreas Bergmann, and Leong L Ng.
• Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom. dhillonos@hotmail.com
• J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2010 Jul 6; 56 (2): 125-33.

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to assess the prognostic value of admission and discharge mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin (sAM) levels in non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (MI) and identify values to aid clinical decision making. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and GRACE (Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events) score were used as comparators.BackgroundsAM is a stable precursor of adrenomedullin.MethodsWe measured plasma sAM on admission and discharge in 745 non-ST-elevation MI patients (514 men, median age 70.0 +/- 12.7 years). The primary end point was a composite of death, heart failure, hospitalization, and recurrent acute MI over mean follow-up of 760 days (range 150 to 2,837 days), with each event assessed individually as secondary end points.ResultsDuring follow-up, 120 (16.1%) patients died, and there were 65 (8.7%) hospitalizations for heart failure and 77 (10.3%) recurrent acute MIs. Both admission and discharge levels were increased (median 0.81 nmol/l [range 0.06 to 5.75 nmol/l] and 0.76 nmol/l [range 0.25 to 6.95 nmol/l], respectively) compared with established normal ranges. Multivariate adjusted Cox regression models revealed that both were associated with the primary end point (hazard ratio: 9.75 on admission and 7.54 on discharge; both p < 0.001). Admission sAM was particularly associated with early (<30 days) mortality (c-statistic = 0.90, p < 0.001), and when compared with N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and GRACE score, it was the only independent predictor of this end point. Admission sAM >1.11 nmol/l identified those at highest risk of death (p < 0.001). Patients with above-median admission sAM may benefit from revascularization.ConclusionssAM level is prognostic for death or heart failure. Admission levels are a strong predictor of early mortality and, when >1.11 nmol/l, complements the GRACE score to improve risk stratification.Copyright 2010 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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