• J. Surg. Res. · Apr 2015

    Simvastatin attenuates sepsis-induced blood-brain barrier integrity loss.

    • Chen-Hsien Yang, Ming-Chan Kao, Ping-Cheng Shih, Kuang-Yao Li, Pei-Shan Tsai, and Chun-Jen Huang.
    • Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
    • J. Surg. Res. 2015 Apr 1; 194 (2): 591-8.

    BackgroundSystemic inflammation and oxidative stress are crucial in mediating blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity loss during sepsis. Simvastatin possess potent anti-inflammation and antioxidation capacity. We sought to elucidate whether an acute bolus of simvastatin could mitigate BBB integrity loss in a rodent model of polymicrobial sepsis.MethodsA total of 96 adult male rats (200-250 g) were randomized to receive cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), CLP plus simvastatin, sham operation, or sham operation plus simvastatin (n = 24 in each group). After maintaining for 24 h, BBB integrity in the surviving rats was determined.ResultsCLP significantly induced BBB integrity loss, as grading of Evans blue staining of the brains, BBB permeability to Evans blue dye, and brain edema levels in rats receiving CLP were significantly higher than those receiving sham operation. In contrast, grading of Evans blue staining (P = 0.020), BBB permeability to Evans blue dye (P = 0.031), and brain edema levels (P = 0.009) in rats receiving CLP plus simvastatin were significantly lower than those receiving CLP alone. Tight junction proteins claudin-3 and claudin-5 in endothelial cells are major structural components of BBB. Our data revealed that concentrations of claudin-3 and claudin-5 in rats receiving CLP were significantly lower than those receiving CLP plus simvastatin (P = 0.010 and 0.007). Immunohistochemistry further revealed significant fragmentation of claudin-3 and claudin-5 in rats receiving CLP. Moreover, levels of claudin-3 and claudin-5 fragmentation in rats receiving CLP plus simvastatin were significantly lower than those receiving CLP.ConclusionsSimvastatin mitigates BBB integrity loss in a rodent model of polymicrobial sepsis.Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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