• Tessa Opie, Maureen Dollard, Sue Lenthall, John Wakerman, Sandra Dunn, Sabina Knight, and Martha Macleod.
• Centre for Applied Psychological Research, University of South Australia, City East Campus, Adelaide South Australia
• Aust J Rural Health. 2010 Dec 1; 18 (6): 235-41.

Objective  To identify key workplace demands and resources for nurses working in very remote Australia and measure levels of occupational stress in this population.Methods  The study used a cross-sectional design, utilising a structured questionnaire.Setting  Health centres in very remote Australia.Results  Nurses working in very remote Australia experience significantly higher levels of psychological distress and emotional exhaustion, compared with other professional populations. Paradoxically, results also highlight higher than average levels of work engagement. Nurses working in very remote regions in Australia further report moderate levels of job satisfaction. Most significant job demands identified were emotional demands, staffing issues, workload, responsibilities and expectations, and social issues. Key job resources included supervision, opportunities for professional development, and skill development and application.Conclusion  In a context of high stress, high levels of work engagement and moderate levels of job satisfaction do not obviate high workforce turnover for this population. There is a need to reduce job demands and increase job resources in order to foster long-term work engagement and reduced emotional exhaustion. This might subsequently decrease remote area nursing workforce turnover.© 2010 The Authors. Australian Journal of Rural Health © National Rural Health Alliance Inc.

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