• Mariana Araya de Godoy, Amanda Santos de Souza, Mônica Alves Lobo, Omar Vidal Kress Sampaio, Louise Moraes, Marcelo Ribeiro Baldanza, Tatiana Przybylski Ribeiro Magri, João Pedro Saar Wernerck de Castro, Maria das Graças Tavares do Carmo, Márcia Soares-Mota, Monica Santos Rocha, Rosalia Mendez-Otero, and Marcelo Felippe Santiago.
• Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
• Brain Res. 2013 Feb 16; 1496: 10-27.

AbstractThere is no consensus about the effects of protein restriction on neurogenesis and behavior. Here, for the first time, we evaluated the effects of protein restriction during gestation and lactation, on the two major neurogenic regions of the adult brain, the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampal dentate gyrus and the subventricular zone (SVZ), simultaneously. We also assessed different types of behavior relevant to each region. After mating, pregnant Wistar rats were divided into a control group (CG) that received a normal diet (20% protein); and a protein-restriction group (PRG) that received a low-protein diet (8% protein). After birth, the same diets were provided to the mother and pups until weaning, when some rats were analyzed and others received a normal-protein diet until adulthood. Different sets of rats were used for cellular and behavioral studies in juvenile or adult age. Brains were processed for immunohistochemistry anti-BrdU, anti-Ki67, or anti-pHisH3. Juvenile and adult rats from distinct litters also underwent several behavioral tests. Our data show that early protein restriction results in a reduction of hippocampal progenitors and deficits in object recognition during adult life. Moreover, longer periods of immobility in the tail suspension and in the forced swimming tests revealed that PRG rats show a depressive behavior at 21 days of age (P21) and in adulthood. Furthermore, we suggest that despite the reduced number/proliferation of neural stem cells (B and/or E cells) in SVZ there is a compensatory mechanism in which the progenitors (types C and A cells) proliferate in a higher rate, without affecting olfactory ability in adulthood.Copyright © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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