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- Alfredo Nicodemos Cruz Santana, Viktoria Woronik, Ari Stiel Radu Halpern, and Carmen S V Barbas.
- Department of Thoracic Diseases, Hospital Regional da Asa Norte, Graduate School of Health Sciences/State Department of Health, Brasília, Brazil. alfredonicodemos@hotmail.com
- J Bras Pneumol. 2011 Nov 1; 37 (6): 809-16.
AbstractIn its various forms, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is characterized by a systemic inflammation of the small and medium-sized arteries (especially in the upper and lower respiratory tracts, as well as in the kidneys). The forms of AAV comprise Wegener's granulomatosis (now called granulomatosis with polyangiitis), microscopic polyangiitis, renal AAV, and Churg-Strauss syndrome. In this paper, we discuss the phases of AAV treatment, including the induction phase (with cyclophosphamide or rituximab) and the maintenance phase (with azathioprine, methotrexate, or rituximab). We also discuss how to handle patients who are refractory to cyclophosphamide.
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