• Steven Z Pantilat, David L O'Riordan, Megan A Rathfon, Kathleen A Dracup, and Teresa De Marco.
• 1 Palliative Care Program, University of California , San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
• J Palliat Med. 2016 Dec 1; 19 (12): 1254-1259.

ObjectiveDescribe the etiology of pain among HF patients and examine the relationship between pain and QoL.BackgroundLittle is known about the etiology of pain in patients with heart failure (HF) and the impact it has on quality of life (QoL).MethodsA prospective cohort study of outpatients with NYHA Class II or III HF were surveyed at baseline and at three-month follow-up. The study was conducted in Heart Failure clinics affiliated with a large, urban, academic medical center.ResultsOf 104 patients that completed a baseline survey, 73 (70%) completed a follow-up survey. At baseline, 48% of patients reported having pain the previous week. Patients on prescription pain medication (n = 16) had more severe pain (Mean = 4.5 vs. 2.6; p = 0.001). Physician documented pain etiologies included: musculoskeletal (50%, n = 16), cardiac (22%, n = 7), and headache/neurological (22%, n = 7). Linear regression revealed that significant contributions to QoL included HF Class (p = 0.0001), dyspnea (p = 0.0001), and depression (p = 0.01). Pain was not independently associated with QoL (p = 0.17), but moderately correlated with depression (r = 0.49). Although 15% (n = 11) of patients reported a clinically meaningful improvement in pain scores, it was not associated with improvements in QoL (χ(2) = 1.6, p = 0.2).DiscussionPain is prevalent and persistent, due largely to non-cardiac causes. Although pain did not predict QOL, it was associated with depression, which did adversely affect QoL. Clinicians should screen for and treat both symptoms.

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