• Peter Oishi and Jeffrey R Fineman.
• Both authors: Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA.
• Pediatr Crit Care Me. 2016 Aug 1; 17 (8 Suppl 1): S140-5.

ObjectivesTo review the clinical classification, diagnosis, and pathophysiology of pulmonary hypertension in children, emphasizing the role of right ventricular function, ventricular interaction, and congenital heart disease in the evolution and progression of disease, as well as management strategies and therapeutic options.Data SourceMEDLINE, PubMed.ConclusionsCritically ill children with pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart disease are a high-risk population. Congenital cardiac defects resulting in either increased pulmonary blood flow or impaired pulmonary venous drainage predispose patients to developing structural and functional aberrations of the pulmonary vasculature. Mortality from pulmonary hypertension is most directly related to right ventricular failure.

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