• Eric L Wald, Gal Finer, Mary E McBride, Nguyenvu Nguyen, John M Costello, and Conrad L Epting.
• 1Divisions of Critical Care and Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL. 2Division of Kidney Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL. 3Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
• Pediatr Crit Care Me. 2016 Aug 1; 17 (8 Suppl 1): S257-65.

ObjectivesFocusing on critically ill children with cardiac disease, we will review common causes of fluid perturbations, clinical recognition, and strategies to minimize and treat fluid-related complications.Data SourceMEDLINE and PubMed.ConclusionsMeticulous fluid management is vital in critically ill children with cardiac disease. Fluid therapy is important to maintain adequate blood volume and perfusion pressure in order to support cardiac output, tissue perfusion, and oxygen delivery. However, fluid overload and acute kidney injury are common and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Understanding the etiologies for disturbances in volume status and the pathophysiology surrounding those conditions is crucial for providing optimal care.

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