• Michael W Collins, Anthony P Kontos, David O Okonkwo, Jon Almquist, Julian Bailes, Mark Barisa, Jeffrey Bazarian, O Josh Bloom, David L Brody, Robert Cantu, Javier Cardenas, Jay Clugston, Randall Cohen, Ruben Echemendia, R J Elbin, Richard Ellenbogen, Janna Fonseca, Gerard Gioia, Kevin Guskiewicz, Robert Heyer, Gillian Hotz, Grant L Iverson, Barry Jordan, Geoffrey Manley, Joseph Maroon, Thomas McAllister, Michael McCrea, Anne Mucha, Elizabeth Pieroth, Kenneth Podell, Matthew Pombo, Teena Shetty, Allen Sills, Gary Solomon, Danny G Thomas, Valovich McLeodTamara CTC, Tony Yates, and Ross Zafonte.
• *Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UPMC Sports Medicine Concussion Program, ‡Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; §Fairfax Family Practice Comprehensive Concussion Center, Fairfax, Virginia; ¶Department of Neurosurgery, NorthShore University Health System, Chicago, Illinois; ‖Baylor Institute for Rehabilitation, Frisco, Texas; #Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York; **Carolina Sports Concussion Clinic, Cary, North Carolina; ‡‡Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri; §§Dr. Robert C. Cantu Concussion Center, Emerson Hospital, Boston University, Concord, Massachusetts; ¶¶Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona; ‖‖Community Health and Family Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; ##Athletics Department, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; ***Psychological and Neurobehavioral Associates, State College, Pennsylvania; ‡‡‡Office for Sports Concussion Research, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas; §§§Department of Neurological Surgery University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; ¶¶¶Division of Neuropsychology, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia; ‖‖‖College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; ###Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina; ****Neuroscience Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; ‡‡‡‡Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; §§§§Neurorehabilitation, Burke Rehabilitation & Research, White Plains, New York; ¶¶¶¶Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California; ‖‖‖‖Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana; ####Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; *****University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Centers for Rehabilitation Services, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; ‡‡‡‡‡Neurological Institute, NorthShore University Health System, Chicago, Illinois; §§§§§Houston Methodist Concussion Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas; ¶¶¶¶¶Department of Orthopedics, Emory University Healthcare, Atlanta, Georgia; ‖‖‖‖‖Department of Neurology, Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York; #####Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University, Vanderbilt Sports Concussion Center, Nashville, Tennessee; ******Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin; ‡‡‡‡‡‡Department of Athletic Training, A.T. Still University, Kirksville, Missouri; §§§§§§Pittsburgh Steelers, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
• Neurosurgery. 2016 Dec 1; 79 (6): 912929912-929.

BackgroundConventional management for concussion involves prescribed rest and progressive return to activity. Recent evidence challenges this notion and suggests that active approaches may be effective for some patients. Previous concussion consensus statements provide limited guidance regarding active treatment.ObjectiveTo describe the current landscape of treatment for concussion and to provide summary agreements related to treatment to assist clinicians in the treatment of concussion.MethodsOn October 14 to 16, 2015, the Targeted Evaluation and Active Management (TEAM) Approaches to Treating Concussion meeting was convened in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Thirty-seven concussion experts from neuropsychology, neurology, neurosurgery, sports medicine, physical medicine and rehabilitation, physical therapy, athletic training, and research and 12 individuals representing sport, military, and public health organizations attended the meeting. The 37 experts indicated their agreement on a series of statements using an audience response system clicker device.ResultsA total of 16 statements of agreement were supported covering (1) Summary of the Current Approach to Treating Concussion, (2) Heterogeneity and Evolving Clinical Profiles of Concussion, (3) TEAM Approach to Concussion Treatment: Specific Strategies, and (4) Future Directions: A Call to Research. Support (ie, response of agree or somewhat agree) for the statements ranged from to 97% to 100%.ConclusionConcussions are characterized by diverse symptoms and impairments and evolving clinical profiles; recovery varies on the basis of modifying factors, injury severity, and treatments. Active and targeted treatments may enhance recovery after concussion. Research is needed on concussion clinical profiles, biomarkers, and the effectiveness and timing of treatments.AbbreviationsARS, audience response systemCDC, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionDoD, Department of DefensemTBI, mild traumatic brain injuryNCAA, National Collegiate Athletic AssociationNFL, National Football LeagueNIH, National Institutes of HealthRCT, randomized controlled trialRTP, return to playSRC, sport- and recreation-related concussionTBI, traumatic brain injuryTEAM, Targeted Evaluation and Active Management.

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