• Rie Iwaki, Tatsuyuki Arimura, Mark P Jensen, Tomoyasu Nakamura, Koji Yamashiro, Seiko Makino, Tetsuji Obata, Nobuyuki Sudo, Chiharu Kubo, and Masako Hosoi.
• Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
• Pain Med. 2012 May 1; 13 (5): 677-87.

ObjectiveThe primary objectives of the current study were to 1) confirm the three-factor model of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) items in a Japanese sample and 2) identify the catastrophizing subdomain(s) most closely associated with measures of pain and functioning in a sample of individuals with chronic pain.DesignThis was based on a cross-sectional observational study.SettingThis study was conducted in a university-based clinic.PatientsOne hundred and sixty outpatients with chronic pain participated in this study.Outcome MeasuresPatients completed the PCS, the Brief Pain Inventory, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; 30 patients completed the PCS again between 1 and 4 weeks later.ResultsConfirmatory factor analysis supported a three-factor structure of the Japanese version of the PCS, and univariate and multivariate associations with validity criterion supported the validity of the measure. Catastrophic helplessness was shown to make a unique contribution to the prediction of pain intensity, pain interference and depression, and catastrophic magnification made a unique contribution to the prediction of anxiety.ConclusionsThe findings support the cross-cultural generalizability of the three-factor structure of the PCS and indicate that the PCS-assessed catastrophizing subdomains provide greater explanatory power than the PCS total score for understanding pain-related functioning.Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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