• Oswaldo Lorenzo-Betancor, Lluís Samaranch, Mario Ezquerra, Eduardo Tolosa, Elena Lorenzo, Jaione Irigoyen, Carles Gaig, María A Pastor, Alexandra I Soto-Ortolaza, Owen A Ross, María C Rodríguez-Oroz, Francesc Valldeoriola, María J Martí, María R Luquin, Jordi Perez-Tur, Juan A Burguera, José A Obeso, and Pau Pastor.
• Neurogenetics Laboratory, Division of Neurosciences, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
• Mov. Disord. 2012 Jan 1; 27 (1): 146-51.

Background And ObjectiveMutations in the Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene at chromosome 12q12 are the most common genetic cause of sporadic and familial late-onset Parkinson's disease. Our aim was to identify novel LRRK2 mutations in late-onset Parkinson's disease families.DesignWe analyzed chromosome 12p11.2-q13.1 haplotypes in 14 late-onset Parkinson's disease families without known LRRK2 mutations.ResultsHaplotype analysis identified 12 families in which the affected subjects shared chromosome 12p11.2-q13.1 haplotypes. LRRK2 sequencing revealed a novel co-segregating missense mutation in exon 36 (c.5281A>C; p.S1761R) located within a highly conserved region of the COR [C-terminal of ROC (Ras of complex proteins)] domain wherein it could deregulate LRRK2 kinase activity by modifying ROC-COR dimer stability. p.S1761R was present in a late-onset Parkinson's disease family and in 2 unrelated Parkinson's disease subjects, but not in 2491 healthy controls. LRRK2 p.S1761R carriers developed levodopa-responsive asymmetrical parkinsonism, with variable age at onset (range: 37-72 years) suggesting age-dependent penetrance. These findings indicate that mutations interfering with LRRK2 ROC-COR domain dimerization lead to typical Parkinson's disease.Copyright © 2011 Movement Disorder Society.

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