• Lisa Rancan, Carlos Simón, Emmeline Marchal-Duval, Javier Casanova, Sergio Damian Paredes, Alberto Calvo, Cruz García, David Rincón, Agustín Turrero, Ignacio Garutti, and Elena Vara.
• From the *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain; Departments of †Thoracic Surgery and ‡Anesthesiology, Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; and Departments of §Physiology and ‖Biostatistics and Operational Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.
• Anesth. Analg. 2016 Dec 1; 123 (6): 1437-1447.

BackgroundIschemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is associated with morbidity and mortality. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as regulators of IRI, and they are involved in the pathogenesis of organ rejection. Lidocaine has proven anti-inflammatory activity in several tissues but its modulation of miRNAs has not been investigated. This work aims to investigate the involvement of miRNAs in lung IRI in a lung auto-transplantation model and to investigate the effect of lidocaine.MethodsThree groups (sham, control, and Lidocaine), each comprising 6 pigs, underwent a lung autotransplantation. All groups received the same anesthesia. In addition, animals of lidocaine group received a continuous intravenous administration of lidocaine (1.5 mg/kg/h) during surgery. Lung biopsies were taken before pulmonary artery clamp, before reperfusion, 30 minutes postreperfusion (Rp-30), and 60 minutes postreperfusion (Rp-60). Samples were analyzed for different miRNAs (miR-122, miR-145, miR-146a, miR-182, miR-107, miR-192, miR-16, miR-21, miR-126, miR-127, miR142-5p, miR152, miR155, miR-223, and let7) via the use of reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results were normalized with miR-103.ResultsThe expression of miR-127 and miR-16 did not increase after IRI. Let-7d, miR-21, miR-107, miR-126, miR-145, miR-146a, miR-182, and miR-192 significantly increased at the Rp-60 (control versus sham P < .001). miR-142-5p, miR-152, miR-155, and miR 223 significantly increased at the Rp-30 (control versus sham P < .001) and at the Rp-60 (control versus. sham P < .001). The administration of lidocaine was able to attenuate these alterations in a significant way (control versus Lidocaine P < .001).ConclusionsLung IRI caused dysregulation miRNA. The administration of lidocaine reduced significantly miRNAs alterations.

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