• Yeongu Chung, Jiwook Ryu, Seok Keun Choi, Eui Jong Kim, Joon Ho Choi, and Sung Ho Lee.
• Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
• World Neurosurg. 2017 Feb 1; 98: 644-653.

ObjectiveIsolated dissections that develop on the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) require intensive treatment because of their potential fatality. However, because of the rarity of these dissections, the optimal treatment has not yet been established.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of all patients who underwent any PICA dissection treatment in our institute over the last 4 years. Ten patients were enrolled, including 7 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and 3 with PICA territory infarction. Dissection was seen at the proximal portion in 8 patients, whereas the remaining 2 patients showed distal PICA dissecting aneurysms.ResultsAmong the 7 patients with hemorrhage, 5 were actively treated (trapping and bypass, 2 patients; surgical clipping, 1 patient; coil embolization, 2 patients). Conservative management was performed in the other 2 patients. Among the 3 patients with infarction, 2 received conservative treatment. Endovascular treatment was performed in 1 patient, who showed rapid progression, aneurysm formation, and conversion to massive SAH within 10 days after the initial attack. Although 7 patients showed relatively good outcomes (modified Rankin Scale score, ≤2) after 30 days of follow-up, 1 patient had a final modified Rankin Scale score of 3. In addition, the other 2 patients (1 in each group) died as a result of major SAH.ConclusionsGiven the dynamic clinical course and potential fatality of PICA dissection, meticulous evaluation, intensive treatment with a diverse range of modalities, and proper follow-up are required for patients with PICA dissection to achieve favorable outcomes.Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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