• Raghavendra Rao, Kristoffel R Dumon, Christopher J Neylan, Jon B Morris, Elijah W Riddle, Richard Sensenig, Yangseon Park, Noel N Williams, Daniel T Dempsey, and Ari D Brooks.
• Division of Surgical Education, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
• J Surg Educ. 2016 Nov 1; 73 (6): e42-e47.

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to understand the effect of a team-based surgical skills intervention on the technical and nontechnical skills of surgery residents.DesignThis was a prospective cohort study with pretesting or posttesting. We designed basic tasks for the assessment and learning of nontechnical skills in the operating room (OR). A total of 15 postgraduate year 1 residents performed an open gastrojejunostomy in a simulated OR setting (pretest), followed by training in the 3 team-based tasks designed to teach communication and teamwork, followed by performance of a gastrojejunostomy in the simulated OR (posttest).SettingTertiary care, university-based teaching institution.ParticipantsA total of 15 general surgery residents at the intern level.ResultsThe mean nontechnical skills for surgeons (NOTSS) score improved postteam task training (10.04 ± 0.33 vs. 12.14 ± 1.33). There was a concomitant increase in the objective structured assessment of technical skills (OSATS) score (18.56 ± 0.86 vs. 22.86 ± 0.15, p = 0.006). The percentage increases in OSATS and NOTSS score for each resident was similar (19.49 ± 4.8 % for NOTSS vs. 21.22 ± 4.92 % for OSATS, p = 0.502).ConclusionNontechnical skills positively correlate with the technical performance of a surgeon. Simple, easily designed tasks can be used to improve NOTSS in the OR. These team tasks and development of curricula based on them can be used to explicitly address one of the most important components of ACGME core competencies for surgical residents, namely interpersonal skills and communication.Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Inc.

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