• Eur Spine J · May 2017

    Intervertebral disc/bone marrow cross-talk with Modic changes.

    • Stefan Dudli, David C Sing, Serena S Hu, Sigurd H Berven, Shane Burch, Vedat Deviren, Ivan Cheng, TayBobby K BBKBDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Ave, S-1164, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA., Todd F Alamin, IthMa Agnes MartinezMAMStanford Spine Clinic, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, USA., Eric M Pietras, and Jeffrey C Lotz.
    • Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Ave, S-1164, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA. dudli@panamerica.ch.
    • Eur Spine J. 2017 May 1; 26 (5): 136213731362-1373.

    Study DesignCross-sectional cohort analysis of patients with Modic Changes (MC).ObjectiveOur goal was to characterize the molecular and cellular features of MC bone marrow and adjacent discs. We hypothesized that MC associate with biologic cross-talk between discs and bone marrow, the presence of which may have both diagnostic and therapeutic implications.Background DataMC are vertebral bone marrow lesions that can be a diagnostic indicator for discogenic low back pain. Yet, the pathobiology of MC is largely unknown.MethodsPatients with Modic type 1 or 2 changes (MC1, MC2) undergoing at least 2-level lumbar interbody fusion with one surgical level having MC and one without MC (control level). Two discs (MC, control) and two bone marrow aspirates (MC, control) were collected per patient. Marrow cellularity was analyzed using flow cytometry. Myelopoietic differentiation potential of bone marrow cells was quantified to gauge marrow function, as was the relative gene expression profiles of the marrow and disc cells. Disc/bone marrow cross-talk was assessed by comparing MC disc/bone marrow features relative to unaffected levels.ResultsThirteen MC1 and eleven MC2 patients were included. We observed pro-osteoclastic changes in MC2 discs, an inflammatory dysmyelopoiesis with fibrogenic changes in MC1 and MC2 marrow, and up-regulation of neurotrophic receptors in MC1 and MC2 bone marrow and discs.ConclusionOur data reveal a fibrogenic and pro-inflammatory cross-talk between MC bone marrow and adjacent discs. This provides insight into the pain generator at MC levels and informs novel therapeutic targets for treatment of MC-associated LBP.

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