• Paul Swoboda, Hans-Peter Fuehrer, Benedikt Ley, Peter Starzengruber, Kamala Ley-Thriemer, Mariella Jung, Julia Matt, Markus A Fally, Milena K S Mueller, Johannes A B Reismann, Rashidul Haque, Wasif A Khan, and Harald Noedl.
• Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; MARIB, Malaria Research Initiative Bandarban, Bandarban, Bangladesh; Institute of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna; ICDDR,B, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
• Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 2014 Feb 1; 90 (2): 377-82.

AbstractIn malaria-endemic regions any febrile case is likely to be classified as malaria based on presumptive diagnosis largely caused by a lack of diagnostic resources. A district-wide prevalence study assessing etiologies of fever in 659 patients recruited in rural and semi-urban areas of Bandarban district in southeastern Bangladesh revealed high proportions of seropositivity for selected infectious diseases (leptospirosis, typhoid fever) potentially being misdiagnosed as malaria because of similarities in the clinical presentation. In an area with point prevalences of more than 40% for malaria among fever cases, even higher seroprevalence rates of leptospirosis and typhoid fever provide evidence of a major persistent reservoir of these pathogens.

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