Critical Care Nutrition: Where's the Evidence?

Critical care clinics · Apr 2017

Review

Critical Care Nutrition: Where's the Evidence?

The surgical critically ill patient is subject to a variable and complex metabolic response, which has detrimental effects on immunity, wound healing, and preservation of lean body muscle. The concept of nutrition support has evolved into nutrition therapy, whereby the primary objectives are to prevent oxidative cell injury, modulate the immune response, and attenuate the metabolic response. This review outlines the metabolic response to critical illness, describes nutritional risk; reviews the evidence for the role, dose, and timing of enteral and parenteral nutrition, and reviews the evidence for immunonutrition in the surgical intensive care unit.

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- Jayshil J Patel, Ryan T Hurt, Stephen A McClave, and Robert G Martindale.
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 West Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
- Crit Care Clin. 2017 Apr 1; 33 (2): 397-412.
AbstractThe surgical critically ill patient is subject to a variable and complex metabolic response, which has detrimental effects on immunity, wound healing, and preservation of lean body muscle. The concept of nutrition support has evolved into nutrition therapy, whereby the primary objectives are to prevent oxidative cell injury, modulate the immune response, and attenuate the metabolic response. This review outlines the metabolic response to critical illness, describes nutritional risk; reviews the evidence for the role, dose, and timing of enteral and parenteral nutrition, and reviews the evidence for immunonutrition in the surgical intensive care unit.Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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Critical Care Nutrition: Where's the Evidence?

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