• Fawaz Al-Mufti, Krishna Amuluru, Mohammad El-Ghanem, Abhinav R Changa, Inder Paul Singh, Chirag D Gandhi, and Charles J Prestigiacomo.
• Department of Neurosurgery and Neu-roscience, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey.
• Neurosurgery. 2017 Apr 1; 80 (4): 646-654.

AbstractBilateral carotid cavernous fistulas are rare entities that can cause debilitating symptoms and can lead to more severe consequences if left untreated. Therefore, the recognition and adequate treatment of these pathologies is very important. We present 2 cases of bilateral carotid cavernous fistulas that arose as a result of cavernous sinus thrombosis. We review the literature and discuss the pathophysiology, symptomatology, management, and treatment of bilateral carotid cavernous fistulas. Within our own cases, treatment of the patients was varied. The patient in case 1 was successfully treated with endovascular therapy after a failed trial of anticoagulation. The patient in case 2 demonstrated resolution of bilateral carotid cavernous fistulas after anticoagulation therapy. Case 2 highlights the fact that certain cases of bilateral carotid cavernous fistulas due to cavernous sinus thrombosis may benefit from extensive anticoagulation therapy. If anticoagulation therapy is unsuccessful, endovascular therapy may prove beneficial in resolving the fistulous shunt.Copyright © 2017 by the Congress of Neurological Surgeons.

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