• Laurence Dangers, Nicholas Bréchot, Matthieu Schmidt, Guillaume Lebreton, Guillaume Hékimian, Ania Nieszkowska, Sébastien Besset, Jean-Louis Trouillet, Jean Chastre, Pascal Leprince, Alain Combes, and Charles-Edouard Luyt.
• 1Service de Réanimation, Institut de Cardiologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.2Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM, UMRS_1166-ICAN Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France.3Service de Chirurgie Thoracique et Cardiovasculaire, Institut de Cardiologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
• Crit. Care Med. 2017 Aug 1; 45 (8): 1359-1366.

ObjectiveLong-term outcomes of patients treated with venoarterial-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for acute decompensated heart failure (i.e., cardiogenic shock complicating chronic cardiomyopathy) have not yet been reported. This study was undertaken to describe their outcomes and determine mortality-associated factors.DesignRetrospective analysis of data prospectively collected.SettingTwenty-six-bed tertiary hospital ICU.PatientsOne hundred five patients implanted with venoarterial-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for acute decompensated heart failure.InterventionNone.Measurements And Main ResultsFrom March 2007 to January 2015, 105 patients were implanted with venoarterial-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for acute decompensated heart failure in our ICU (67% of them had an intraaortic balloon pump to unload the left ventricle). Their 1-year survival rate was 42%; most of the survivors were transplanted either directly or after switching to central bilateral centrifugal pump, ventricular-assist device, or total artificial heart. Most deaths occurred early after multiple organ failure. Multivariable analyses retained (odds ratio [95% CI]) pre-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score of more than 11 (3.3 [1.3-8.3]), idiopathic cardiomyopathy (0.4 [0.2-1]), cardiac disease duration greater than 2 years pre-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (2.8 [1.2-6.9]), and pre-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation blood lactate greater than 4 mmol/L (2.6 [1.03-6.4]) as independent predictors of 1-year mortality. Only 17% of patients with pre-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores of 14 or more survived, whereas 52% of those with scores less than 7 and 60% of those with scores 7 or more and less than 11 were alive 1 year later.ConclusionsAmong this selected cohort of 105 patients implanted with venoarterial-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for acute decompensated heart failure, 1-year survival was 42%, but better for patients with pre-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores of less than 11. Venoarterial-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation should be considered for patients with acute decompensated heart failure, but timing of implantation is crucial.

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