• Ryuya Yamanaka and Azusa Hayano.
• Laboratory of Molecular Target Therapy for Cancer, Graduate School for Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan. Electronic address: ryaman@koto.kpu-m.ac.jp.
• World Neurosurg. 2017 Aug 1; 104: 713-722.

ObjectiveRadiation-induced benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors are uncommon late complications of irradiation. We conducted the largest systematic review of individual patient data.MethodsWe performed a systematic search of PubMed databases and compiled a comprehensive literature review. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to investigate survival, and statistical significance was assessed with a log-rank test.ResultsWe analyzed 40 cases of radiation-induced benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors. The histologic distributions were 28 schwannomas, 11 neurofibromas, and 1 ganglioneuroma. The average age of radiation exposure for development of primary lesions was 14.9 ± 15.5 years, and the latency period between radiotherapy to the onset of secondary tumors was 24.5 ± 12.7 years. The average irradiation dose delivered was 26.3 ± 20.3 Gy. The median overall survival for all cases was not reached (95% confidence interval, 22-not reached) months, with 10-year survival rates of 65.2%. Surgical negative margin was a positive prognostic factor for radiation-induced benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors.ConclusionsThe risk of incidence of secondary benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors in patients treated with radiotherapy should be considered in long-term follow-up periods. At present, complete surgical resection is the main stay for the treatment of radiation-induced benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors.Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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