• Taiichi Saito, Kazuhiko Sugiyama, Seiji Hama, Fumiyuki Yamasaki, Takeshi Takayasu, Ryo Nosaka, Shumpei Onishi, Yoshihiro Muragaki, Takakazu Kawamata, and Kaoru Kurisu.
• Department of Neurosurgery, Hiroshima University, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: taiichis@gmail.com.
• World Neurosurg. 2017 Sep 1; 105: 282-288.

ObjectiveGlioblastoma (GBM) relapses locally or in a disseminated pattern and is highly resistant to chemoradiotherapy. Although dissemination is associated with poor prognosis for patients with GBM, the clinicopathologic factors that promote dissemination have not been elucidated. Glypican-1 (GPC-1) is a heparin sulfate proteoglycan that is attached to the extracytoplasmic surface of the cell membrane and regulates cell motility. The aim of this study was to determine whether GPC-1 expression correlated with GBM dissemination and patient prognosis.MethodsGPC-1 expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in 53 patients with GBM who received radiotherapy and temozolomide treatment. We assessed the relationship between dissemination and clinicopathologic factors, including GPC-1 expression. We also evaluated the relationship between GPC-1 expression and overall survival (OS) by uni- and multivariate analyses of a range of clinicopathologic factors, including age, Karnofsky Performance Status, extent of resection, and O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) status.ResultsLogistic regression analysis revealed that GPC-1 expression correlated with dissemination (P = 0.0116). Log-rank tests revealed that age, Karnofsky Performance Status, extent of resection, MGMT status, dissemination (P = 0.0008) and GPC-1 expression (P = 0.0011) were significantly correlated with OS. Multivariate analysis indicated that age, MGMT status, and GPC-1 expression were significantly correlated with OS. GPC-1 expression had the highest hazard ratio (2.392) among all regressors.ConclusionsGPC-1 expression significantly correlated with OS in patients with GBM who received radiotherapy and temozolomide treatment. GPC-1 expression can help predict the occurrence of dissemination and shorter OS in patients with GBM.Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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