• Rui Guo, David J Blacker, Xia Wang, Hisatomi Arima, Pablo M Lavados, Richard I Lindley, John Chalmers, Craig S Anderson, Thompson Robinson, and INTERACT Investigators.
• Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
• Neurosurgery. 2017 Dec 1; 81 (6): 980-985.

BackgroundThe prognosis in acute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is related to hematoma volume, where >30 mL is commonly used to define large ICH as a threshold for neurosurgical decompression but without clear supporting evidence.ObjectivesTo determine the factors associated with large ICH and neurosurgical intervention among participants of the Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage Trials (INTERACT).MethodsWe performed pooled analysis of the pilot INTERACT1 (n = 404) and main INTERACT2 (n = 2839) studies of ICH patients (<6 h of onset) with elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP, 150-220 mm Hg) who were randomized to intensive (target SBP < 140 mm Hg) or contemporaneous guideline-recommended (target SBP < 180 mm Hg) management. Neurosurgical intervention data were collected at 7 d postrandomization. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine associations.ResultsThere were 372 (13%) patients with large ICH volume (>30 mL), which was associated with nonresiding in China, nondiabetic status, severe neurological deficit (National Institutes of Health stroke scale [NIHSS] score ≥ 15), lobar location, intraventricular hemorrhage extension, raised leucocyte count, and hyponatremia. Significant predictors of those patients who underwent surgery (226 of 3233 patients overall; 83 of 372 patients with large ICH) were younger age, severe neurological deficit (lower Glasgow coma scale score, and NIHSS score ≥ 15), baseline ICH volume > 30 mL, and intraventricular hemorrhage.ConclusionsEarly identification of severe ICH, based on age and clinical and imaging parameters, may facilitate neurosurgery and intensive monitoring of patients.Copyright © 2017 by the Congress of Neurological Surgeons

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