• Boccard Sandra G J SGJ Oxford Functional Neurosurgery and Experimental Neurology Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery, University of Oxford, O, Simon J Prangnell, Laurie Pycroft, Binith Cheeran, Liz Moir, Pereira Erlick A C EAC Academic Neurosurgery Unit, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom., James J Fitzgerald, Alexander L Green, and Tipu Z Aziz.
• Oxford Functional Neurosurgery and Experimental Neurology Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. Electronic address: sandra.boccard@ndcn.ox.ac.uk.
• World Neurosurg. 2017 Oct 1; 106: 625-637.

BackgroundDeep brain stimulation (DBS) of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is a recent technique that has shown some promising short-term results in patients with chronic refractory neuropathic pain. Three years after the first case series, we assessed its efficacy on a larger cohort, with longer follow-up.MethodsTwenty-four patients (19 males; average age, 49.1 years) with neuropathic pain underwent bilateral ACC DBS. Patient-reported outcome measures were collected before and after surgery, using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Short-Form 36 quality of life (SF-36), McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), and EuroQol 5-domain quality of life (EQ-5D) questionnaire.ResultsTwenty-two patients after a trial week were fully internalized and 12 had a mean follow-up of 38.9 months. Six months after surgery the mean NRS score decreased from 8.0 to 4.27 (P = 0.004). There was a significant improvement in the MPQ (mean, -36%; P = 0.021) and EQ-5D score significantly decreased (mean, -21%; P = 0.036). The physical functioning domain of SF-36 was significantly improved (mean, +54.2%; P = 0.01). Furthermore, in 83% of these patients, at 6 months, NRS score was improved by 60% (P < 0.001) and MPQ decreased by 47% (P < 0.01). After 1 year, NRS score decreased by 43% (P < 0.01), EQ-5D was significantly reduced (mean, -30.8; P = 0.05) and significant improvements were also observed for different domains of the SF-36. At longer follow-ups, efficacy was sustained up to 42 months in some patients, with an NRS score as low as 3.ConclusionsFollow-up results confirm that ACC DBS alleviates chronic neuropathic pain refractory to pharmacotherapy and improves quality of life in many patients.Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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