• Acta paediatrica · Nov 1994

    A prospective study of the adverse effects of midazolam on withdrawal in critically ill children.

    • J Hughes, A Gill, H J Leach, A J Nunn, I Billingham, J Ratcliffe, R Thornington, and I Choonara.
    • Institute of Child Health, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK.
    • Acta Paediatr. 1994 Nov 1; 83 (11): 1194-9.

    AbstractFifty-three critically ill infants and children received midazolam as sedation in a regional intensive care unit. Assessment of the level of sedation was carried out at regular intervals on withdrawal of midazolam. Forty-nine patients were fully alert within 4 h of midazolam being stopped. Four patients took from 6 h to 1 week to become fully alert. Four patients had abnormal behaviour highly suggestive of midazolam withdrawal. The onset of abnormal behaviour was within 12 h of discontinuation of midazolam. The duration of the abnormal behaviour ranged from 3 h to 1 week. One child had a paradoxical reaction to midazolam. The overall incidence of adverse effects to midazolam in the patients studied was 17%. No adverse effects were observed in infants; all adverse effects were observed in children. We have shown that it is possible to prospectively study the toxicity of sedatives in critically ill infants and children.

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