• Emmanuel Futier, Jean-Yves Lefrant, Pierre-Gregoire Guinot, Thomas Godet, Emmanuel Lorne, Philippe Cuvillon, Sebastien Bertran, Marc Leone, Bruno Pastene, Vincent Piriou, Serge Molliex, Jacques Albanese, Jean-Michel Julia, Benoit Tavernier, Etienne Imhoff, Jean-Etienne Bazin, Jean-Michel Constantin, Bruno Pereira, Samir Jaber, and INPRESS Study Group.
• Département de Médecine Périopératoire, Université Clermont Auvergne, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
• JAMA. 2017 Oct 10; 318 (14): 1346-1357.

ImportancePerioperative hypotension is associated with an increase in postoperative morbidity and mortality, but the appropriate management strategy remains uncertain.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether an individualized blood pressure management strategy tailored to individual patient physiology could reduce postoperative organ dysfunction.Design, Setting, And ParticipantsThe Intraoperative Norepinephrine to Control Arterial Pressure (INPRESS) study was a multicenter, randomized, parallel-group clinical trial conducted in 9 French university and nonuniversity hospitals. Adult patients (n = 298) at increased risk of postoperative complications with a preoperative acute kidney injury risk index of class III or higher (indicating moderate to high risk of postoperative kidney injury) undergoing major surgery lasting 2 hours or longer under general anesthesia were enrolled from December 4, 2012, through August 28, 2016 (last follow-up, September 28, 2016).InterventionsIndividualized management strategy aimed at achieving a systolic blood pressure (SBP) within 10% of the reference value (ie, patient's resting SBP) or standard management strategy of treating SBP less than 80 mm Hg or lower than 40% from the reference value during and for 4 hours following surgery.Main Outcomes And MeasuresThe primary outcome was a composite of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and dysfunction of at least 1 organ system of the renal, respiratory, cardiovascular, coagulation, and neurologic systems by day 7 after surgery. Secondary outcomes included the individual components of the primary outcome, durations of ICU and hospital stay, adverse events, and all-cause mortality at 30 days after surgery.ResultsAmong 298 patients who were randomized, 292 patients completed the trial (mean [SD] age, 70 [7] years; 44 [15.1%] women) and were included in the modified intention-to-treat analysis. The primary outcome event occurred in 56 of 147 patients (38.1%) assigned to the individualized treatment strategy vs 75 of 145 patients (51.7%) assigned to the standard treatment strategy (relative risk, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.56 to 0.94; P = .02; absolute risk difference, -14%, 95% CI, -25% to -2%). Sixty-eight patients (46.3%) in the individualized treatment group and 92 (63.4%) in the standard treatment group had postoperative organ dysfunction by day 30 (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.52 to 0.84; P = .001). There were no significant between-group differences in severe adverse events or 30-day mortality.Conclusions And RelevanceAmong patients predominantly undergoing abdominal surgery who were at increased postoperative risk, management targeting an individualized systolic blood pressure, compared with standard management, reduced the risk of postoperative organ dysfunction.Trial Registrationclinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01536470.

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