• Rosalind Gittins, Molly Howard, Ameer Ghodke, Timothy J Ives, and Paul Chelminski.
• Addaction, London, UK.
• Pain Med. 2018 Mar 1; 19 (3): 491-498.

ObjectiveTo compare the characteristics of people with fibromyalgia (FM) with those with other forms of nonmalignant chronic pain.DesignA prospective cohort study conducted in a chronic pain management clinic within an academic medical center.SettingMany symptoms of the chronic pain syndrome FM are common to other pain or musculoskeletal syndromes. FM may be misdiagnosed by clinicians.SubjectsThirty-three patients with a working diagnosis of FM were identified: 26 (78.8%) participated in the study. They were matched by age (mean = 53.0 years) and gender (80.8% female) to a control group with other forms of chronic nonmalignant pain.MethodsStandardized physical examinations for FM were undertaken using the 1990 and revised 2010 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) guidelines. The groups were compared using diagnoses of psychiatric disorders and responses to the Pain Disability Index, Personal Health Questionnaire, Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, and Rapid Estimate Adult Literacy in Medicine.ResultsThe most common psychiatric disorders were depression (44.4%) and anxiety (27.3%). Incidence of at least one psychiatric condition was 80.8%, and the only difference (P = 0.002) between the two populations was the mean number of tender points: 5.6 (±4.2) vs controls 3.2 (±2.2). Only three (11.5%) participants with a prior diagnosis of FM fulfilled the 1990 ACR diagnostic criteria, increasing to 38.5% when the 2010 criteria were applied; however, 46.1% of controls also met the revised diagnostic criteria.ConclusionsFM is commonly misdiagnosed: all patients with a working diagnosis should be reassessed and reviewed to ensure that the most appropriate treatment is provided.

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