• Clair Hartmann, Maurizio Loconte, Elena Antonucci, Michael Holzhauser, Tobias Hölle, David Katzsch, Tamara Merz, Oscar McCook, Ulrich Wachter, Josef A Vogt, Andrea Hoffmann, Martin Wepler, Michael Gröger, Martin Matejovic, Enrico Calzia, Michael Georgieff, Pierre Asfar, Peter Radermacher, and Benedikt L Nussbaum.
• Institut für Anästhesiologische Pathophysiologie und Verfahrensentwicklung, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
• Crit. Care Med. 2017 Dec 1; 45 (12): e1270-e1279.

ObjectivesInvestigation of the effects of hyperoxia during resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock in swine with preexisting coronary artery disease.DesignProspective, controlled, randomized trial.SettingUniversity animal research laboratory.SubjectsNineteen hypercholesterolemic pigs with preexisting coronary artery disease.InterventionsAnesthetized, mechanically ventilated, and surgically instrumented pigs underwent 3 hours of hemorrhagic shock (removal of 30% of the calculated blood volume and subsequent titration of mean arterial blood pressure ≈40 mm Hg). Postshock resuscitation (48 hr) comprised retransfusion of shed blood, crystalloids (balanced electrolyte solution), and norepinephrine support. Pigs were randomly assigned to "control" (FIO2 0.3, adjusted for arterial oxygen saturation ≥ 90%) and "hyperoxia" (FIO2 1.0 for 24 hr) groups.Measurements And Main ResultsBefore, at the end of shock and every 12 hours of resuscitation, datasets comprising hemodynamics, calorimetry, blood gases, cytokines, and cardiac and renal function were recorded. Postmortem, organs were sampled for immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and mitochondrial high-resolution respirometry. Survival rates were 50% and 89% in the control and hyperoxia groups, respectively (p = 0.077). Apart from higher relaxation constant τ at 24 hours, hyperoxia did not affect cardiac function. However, troponin values were lower (2.2 [0.9-6.2] vs 6.9 [4.8-9.8] ng/mL; p < 0.05) at the end of the experiment. Furthermore, hyperoxia decreased cardiac 3-nitrotyrosine formation and increased inducible nitric oxide synthase expression. Plasma creatinine values were lower in the hyperoxia group during resuscitation coinciding with significantly improved renal mitochondrial respiratory capacity and lower 3-nitrotyrosine formation.ConclusionsHyperoxia during resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock in swine with preexisting coronary artery disease reduced renal dysfunction and cardiac injury, potentially resulting in improved survival, most likely due to increased mitochondrial respiratory capacity and decreased oxidative and nitrosative stress. Compared with our previous study, the present results suggest a higher benefit of hyperoxia in comorbid swine due to an increased susceptibility to hemorrhagic shock.

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