• Brigitte C Courteau, Aaron D C Knox, Melina C Vassiliou, Richard J Warren, and Mirko S Gilardino.
• Dr Courteau is a Surgical Research Fellow in the Division of Surgical Research of the Department of Surgery at McGill University, Montreal, Canada. Dr Knox is a Surgical Research Fellow and Dr Warren is a Clinical Professor in the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of the Department of Surgery at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. Dr Warren is also the Continuing Medical Education Section Editor for the Aesthetic Surgery Journal. Dr Vassiliou is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Surgery at McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Dr Gilardino is the Director of the Plastic Surgery Residency Program and is an Associate Professor in the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of the Department of Surgery at McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
• Aesthet Surg J. 2015 Jul 1; 35 (5): 611-7.

BackgroundObjective tools to assess procedural skills in plastic surgery residency training are currently lacking. There is an increasing need to address this deficit in order to meet today's training standards in North America.ObjectivesThe purpose of this pilot study was to establish a methodology for determining the essential procedural steps for two plastic surgery procedures to assist resident training and assessment.MethodsFollowing a literature review and needs assessment of resident training, the authors purposefully selected two procedures lacking robust assessment metrics (breast augmentation and facelift) and used a consensus process to complete a list of procedural steps for each. Using an online survey, plastic surgery Program Directors, Division Chiefs, and the Royal College Specialty Training Committee members in Canada were asked to indicate whether each step was considered essential or non-essential when assessing competence among graduating plastic surgery trainees. The Delphi methodology was used to obtain consensus among the panel. Panelist reliability was measured using Cronbach's alpha.ResultsA total of 17 steps for breast augmentation and 24 steps for facelift were deemed essential by consensus (Cronbach's alpha 0.87 and 0.85, respectively).ConclusionUsing the aforementioned technique, the essential procedural steps for two plastic surgery procedures were determined. Further work is required to develop assessment instruments based on these steps and to gather validity evidence in support of their use in surgical education.© 2015 The American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, Inc. Reprints and permission: journals.permissions@oup.com.

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