• R O Bredlich, K Alfke, H Brickenstein, H Pillekamp, and R U Peter.
• Abteilung Dermatologie, Klinikums der Universität Ulm.
• Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr. 1998 Sep 4; 123 (36): 1035-8.

History And Clinical FindingsA previously healthy 26-year-old man complained of gradually increasing headache after an attack of flu. After 4 days an erythema with papules but no blisters was noted in the area of distribution of the left 10th thoracic nerve. As a child he had varicella (chickenpox) without complications.InvestigationsLymphocytic pleocytosis and evidence of an abnormal blood-brain barrier were noted in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Serology for varicella zoster virus revealed an IgG titre of > 7400 IU/l in serum and 21 IU/l in CSF. The corresponding IgM titres were negative.Treatment And CourseThe headaches and cutaneous changes regressed under i.v. treatment with acyclovir, 10 mg/kg body weight, 3 x daily for 10 days. Repeat CSF examination after 10 days showed merely minimal residual changes of inflammation.ConclusionThis case illustrates the risk of severe neurological complications of herpes zoster infection. A seemingly minor rash with headache must be correctly diagnosed and immediate high-dosage acyclovir treatment instituted to prevent life-threatening and severe complications of herpes zoster meningitis or encephalitis.

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