• Shuwei Wang, Xiwu Zhang, Yang Yuan, Mengwei Tan, Le Zhang, Xiang Xue, Yan Yan, Lin Han, and Zhiyun Xu.
• Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, No. 153 Hospital of Liberation Army, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.
• Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2015 Mar 1; 47 (3): 439-46.

ObjectivesBrahma-related gene 1 (BRG1) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in cellular processes. However, little is known regarding their roles in thoracic aortic aneurysms. We investigated BRG1 expression in thoracic aortic aneurysms and the roles of BRG1 and the lncRNA HIF 1 alpha-antisense RNA 1 in regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of aortic smooth muscle cells in vitro.MethodsBRG1 mRNA and protein expression in human aortic media specimens were examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemical staining and western blot. BRG1 expression was up-regulated by lentiviral vectors. Vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and apoptosis were studied using Cell Counting Kit-8 and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labelling assays. We performed western blots to detect Caspase3 and Bcl2 protein expression. LncRNAs regulated by BRG1 were identified through microarray in BRG1 gain- and loss-of-function vascular smooth muscle cells. Finally, the expression of HIF 1 alpha-antisense RNA 1 was reduced by siRNA and cell proliferation and apoptosis was studied using Cell Counting Kit-8 assays, caspase-3 activity assays and western blot.ResultsBRG1 expression in the aortic media was significantly higher in thoracic aortic aneurysms than in normal controls. Overexpression of BRG1 in human aortic smooth muscle cells promoted apoptosis and reduced proliferation. The expression of HIF 1 alpha-antisense RNA 1 was significantly down- and up-regulated in BRG1 knock-down and overexpressing vascular smooth muscle cells, respectively. We further demonstrated that suppression of HIF 1 alpha-antisense RNA 1 by siRNA in vascular smooth muscle cells reduced apoptosis and promoted proliferation.ConclusionsBRG1 is overexpressed in the aortic media of thoracic aortic aneurysms and the interaction between BRG1 and HIF 1 alpha-antisense RNA 1 plays a key role in the proliferation and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of thoracic aortic aneurysms.© The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. All rights reserved.

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