• Rodrigo Fernández-Gajardo, Joao Paulo Almeida, Suganth Suppiah, Ian Witterick, and Gelareh Zadeh.
• Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile. Electronic address: rod.fernandez.g@gmail.com.
• World Neurosurg. 2018 Jun 1; 114: 1-3.

BackgroundSkull base meningoencephaloceles are a rare condition, frequently secondary to traumatic or iatrogenic causes. Cerebrofacial arteriovenous metameric syndrome (CAMS) is characterized by the presence of retinal, facial, and cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) with metameric distribution. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case associating these 2 conditions.Case DescriptionA 45-year-old woman previously diagnosed with CAMS type 2 presented with a long history of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea. Magnetic resonance imaging and digital subtraction angiography demonstrated a right-sided facial and orbital AVM extending posteriorly along the optic tract into the suprasellar cistern, and a right-sided meningoencephalocele protruding into the olfactory recess and ethmoid sinus. An extended endoscopic endonasal approach was performed to resect the meningoencephalocele and to repair the CSF leak without complications.ConclusionsWe report the unusual association between the development of a meningoencephalocele and a metameric syndrome, and comment on clinical implications in the management of this patient.Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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