• Mitsuhiko Tagaya, Seiichi Nakata, Fumihiko Yasuma, Soichiro Miyazaki, Fumihiko Sasaki, Mami Morinaga, Keisuke Suzuki, Hironao Otake, and Tsutomu Nakashima.
• Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan. mi-man@ra2.so-net.ne.jp
• Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. 2012 Dec 1; 76 (12): 1827-30.

ObjectiveTo investigate the contributions of adenoid and tonsil sizes to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in normal-weight children in two age categories: preschool and schoolchildren.MethodsFifty-eight normal-weight (body mass index z-score<2) symptomatic children with OSAS (apnea-hypopnea index ≥ 2) were evaluated. The patients were divided into two age categories: preschool (age<6; n=33) and schoolchildren (age ≥ 6; n=25). Polysomnographic findings and adenoid and tonsil sizes were compared. The relative contributions of body mass index and adenoid and tonsil sizes were also investigated with a regression analysis.ResultsAdenoid grade and apnea index correlated significantly in preschool children (r=0.45, p<0.01). On regression analysis, adenoid grade was a significant predictor of the apnea index in preschool children. The influence of adenoid hypertrophy decreased from preschool to schoolchildren. Tonsil size had little influence on the apnea index in either group.ConclusionAdenoid hypertrophy was a major contributor to OSAS in normal-weight preschool children. The upper airway morphology of younger children with OSAS differed from that of older children with OSAS.Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

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