• Kyoko Fujita, Hiroaki Nagase, Taku Nakagawa, Yohsuke Saji, Azusa Maruyama, and Yoshiyuki Uetani.
• Department of Neurology, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital, Hyogo, Japan.
• Pediatr Int. 2015 Aug 1; 57 (4): 659-64.

BackgroundIn the intensive care unit, the use of continuous electroencephalography (cEEG) in children with altered mental status often results in the detection of non-convulsive seizures (NCS). Children with influenza can occasionally display altered mental status, but the prevalence of NCS in children with influenza with altered mental status is yet to be determined. This study determined the prevalence of NCS in pediatric patients with altered mental status associated with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 infection.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed admissions to the pediatric intensive care unit between September 2009 and February 2010 and confirmed the presence of NCS on cEEG in children with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and with altered mental status.ResultsOf the 15 patients (aged 41-159 months old), NCS was identified on cEEG in five children (33%).ConclusionsApproximately one-third of the children infected with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 with altered mental status had NCS. Further research is needed to determine if the detection and management of NCS improve outcome in these children.© 2014 Japan Pediatric Society.

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