• James A Tumlin, Claude M Galphin, Ashita J Tolwani, Micah R Chan, Anitha Vijayan, Kevin Finkel, Balazs Szamosfalvi, Devasmita Dev, J Ricardo DaSilva, Brad C Astor, Alexander S Yevzlin, H David Humes, and SCD Investigator Group.
• Department of Medicine, UT College of Medicine, University of Tennessee, 960 East Third Street, Suite 100, Chattanooga, TN, 37403, United States of America.
• Plos One. 2015 Jan 1; 10 (8): e0132482.

ObjectiveAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a highly morbid condition in critically ill patients that is associated with high mortality. Previous clinical studies have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of the Selective Cytopheretic Device (SCD) in the treatment of AKI requiring continuous renal replacement therapy in the intensive care unit (ICU).Design, Setting, PatientsA randomized, controlled trial of 134 ICU patients with AKI, 69 received continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) alone and 65 received SCD therapy.ResultsNo significant difference in 60-day mortality was observed between the treated (27/69; 39%) and control patients (21/59; 36%, with six patients lost to follow up) in the intention to treat (ITT) analysis. Of the 19 SCD subjects (CRRT+SCD) and 31 control subjects (CRRT alone) who maintained a post-filter ionized calcium (iCa) level in the protocol's recommended range (≤ 0.4 mmol/L) for greater or equal to 90% of the therapy time, 60-day mortality was 16% (3/19) in the SCD group compared to 41% (11/27) in the CRRT alone group (p = 0.11). Dialysis dependency showed a borderline statistically significant difference between the SCD treated versus control CRRT alone patients maintained for ≥ 90% of the treatment in the protocol's recommended (r) iCa target range of ≤ 0.4 mmol/L with values of, 0% (0/16) and 25% (4/16), respectively (P = 0.10). When the riCa treated and control subgroups were compared for a composite index of 60 day mortality and dialysis dependency, the percentage of SCD treated subjects was 16% versus 58% in the control subjects (p<0.01). The incidence of serious adverse events did not differ between the treated (45/69; 65%) and control groups (40/65; 63%; p = 0·86).ConclusionSCD therapy may improve mortality and reduce dialysis dependency in a tightly controlled regional hypocalcaemic environment in the perfusion circuit.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT01400893 http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01400893.

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