• Sharmila Shrestha, Kumiko Adachi, Marcia A Petrini, Sarita Shrestha, and Bina Rana Khagi.
• National Academic of Medical Science, Bir Hospital Nursing Campus, Mahabouddha, Kathmandu, Nepal. Electronic address: shr_sharmila@yahoo.com.
• Midwifery. 2016 Nov 1; 42: 21-28.

Backgroundthe health and survival of newborns depend on high levels of attention and care from caregivers. The growth and development of some infants are unhealthy because of their mother's or caregiver's lack of knowledge or the use of inappropriate or traditional child-rearing practices that may be harmful.Objectiveto develop a newborn care educational programme and evaluate its impact on infant and maternal health in Nepal.Designa randomised controlled trial.Participantsone hundred and forty-three mothers were randomly assigned to the intervention (n=69) and control (n=74) groups. Eligible participants were primiparous mothers who had given birth to a single, full-term, healthy infant, and were without a history of obstetric, medical, or psychological problems.Methodsprior to being discharged from the postnatal unit, the intervention group received our structured newborn care education programme, which consisted of one-on-one educational sessions lasting 10-15minutes each and one postpartum follow-up telephone support within two weeks after discharge, in addition to the hospital's routine general newborn care education. The control group received only the regular general newborn care education. Outcomes were measured by using Newborn care Knowledge Questionnaires, Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Adults and infant health and care status.Findingsthe number of mothers attending the health centre due to the sickness of their babies was significantly decreased in the intervention group compared to the control group. Moreover, the intervention group had significant increases in newborn care knowledge and confidence, and decreases in anxiety, compared with the control group.Conclusionsthe structured newborn care education programme enhanced the infant and mother health. Moreover, it increased maternal knowledge of newborn care and maternal confidence; and reduced anxiety in primiparous mothers. Thus, this educational programme could be integrated into routine educational programs to promote maternal and infant well-being in Nepalese society.Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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