• Neurosurgery · Apr 2019

    Review

    Scientific, Clinical, Regulatory, and Economic Aspects of Choosing Bone Graft/Biological Options in Spine Surgery.

    • Kyle A Smith, Glenn S Russo, Alexander R Vaccaro, and Paul M Arnold.
    • Department of Neurosurgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.
    • Neurosurgery. 2019 Apr 1; 84 (4): 827-835.

    AbstractSpinal arthrodesis is a major element of the spinal surgeon's practice. To attain successful fusion rates, attention must be paid to spinal segment immobilization and proper selection of bone graft. Autogenous bone graft (ie, ICBG), the "gold standard," with or without graft extenders and enhancers provides the foundation for most spinal fusions. ABG is the only graft option containing all 3 factors of new bone growth: osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity, and osteogenicity. While many bone graft alternatives function well as bone graft extenders, only growth factors proteins (ie, rhBMP-2 or OP-2) function as bone graft enhancers and substitutes. The search for optimal hybrid interbody cages, bone graft substitutes, autogenous or allogenic stem cells, and nanostructure scaffolds for release of growth factors continues.Copyright © 2018 by the Congress of Neurological Surgeons.

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