• J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Mar 2019

    Review

    Opioid-Based Anesthesia and Analgesia for Adult Cardiac Surgery: History and Narrative Review of the Literature.

    • Lloyd Edward Kwanten, Ben O'Brien, and Sibtain Anwar.
    • Department of Perioperative Medicine Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust London, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: Lloyd.kwanten@bartshealth.nhs.uk.
    • J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. 2019 Mar 1; 33 (3): 808-816.

    AbstractOpioids have played in a key role in cardiac anesthesia and analgesia since the early years of cardiac surgery. Today, opioids continue to be the primary mode for analgesia in cardiac surgery, yet there is considerable variability in the choice, dose and route of used. A history of the use of opioids in cardiothoracic anesthesia is presented, followed by an examination of the differences among current opioids in use and of outcome variables important in cardiac anesthesia, such as postoperative analgesia, extubation times, fast-track cardiac anesthesia, chronic neuropathic pain, and cardioprotection. Topical issues such as the role of perioperative opioid use in the global opioid crisis, opioid-sparing techniques and novel opioids in development are also discussed.Crown Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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