• Eur Spine J · Feb 2018

    Review

    Focal disorders of the spine with compensatory deformities: how to define them.

    • Andrea Redaelli, Pedro Berjano, and Max Aebi.
    • IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Gspine4, via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161, Milan, Italy. dr.andrea.redaelli@gmail.com.
    • Eur Spine J. 2018 Feb 1; 27 (Suppl 1): 59-69.

    PurposeIn this paper, the authors propose classifying the epiphenomenon of spinal deformity in two different categories: structural deformity, when the main driver of the observed deformity is a fixed and stiff alteration of the spinal segments, and compensatory deformity, which includes cases where the observed deformity is due to focal abnormalities. This last category comprises, but is not limited to, spinal stenosis, spondylolisthesis, disc herniation, infection or tumor, hip disease or neurological disease (such as Parkinson's disease).MethodNarrative review article.ResultsWe analyzed the focal diseases of the spine that may cause a compensatory deformity inducing adaptation in the unaffected part of the spine.ConclusionThe compensatory mechanisms involved in adaptive deformity represent an attempt to maintain a global alignment, to escape from pain or to control body posture. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary material.

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