• Benjamin Drenger, Blanck Thomas J J TJJ Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Care and Pain Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY., Boris Piskoun, E Jaffrey, Esperanza Recio-Pinto, and Alexandra Sideris.
• Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel. Electronic address: drenger@huji.ac.il.
• J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. 2019 Apr 1; 33 (4): 1003-1011.

ObjectivesSpinal cord ischemia secondary to trauma or a vascular occlusive event is a threatening phenomenon. The neuroprotective properties of minocycline have been shown in several models of central nervous system diseases and after spinal cord ischemia; however, the benefit of using the drug requires additional confirmation in different animal models. Astrocytes are essential as regulators of neuronal functions and for providing nutrients. The authors hypothesized that astrocytes in the spinal cord may be an important target for minocycline action after ischemia and thus in the prevention of secondary spreading damage.DesignA prospective, randomized animal study.SettingUniversity research laboratory, single institution.ParticipantsAdult male Sprague Dawley rats, weighing between 400 and 450 g.InterventionsA model of spinal cord ischemia in the rat was used for this study to determine whether a single, high-dose (10 mg/kg) of minocycline protects against damage to the neuronal cytoskeleton, both in the white and gray matter, and whether it reduces glial fibrillary acidic protein levels, which is an index for prevention of astrocyte activation during ischemia. Thirty minutes before thoracic aorta occlusion, minocycline was administered for 18 minutes using a 2 F Fogarty catheter.Measurements And Main ResultsMinocycline given prophylactically significantly mitigated severe hindlimb motor impairment and reduced glial fibrillary acidic protein plus astrocytosis in both the white and gray matter of the spinal cord, caudal to the occlusion. Neuronal histologic cytoarchitecture, which was severely and significantly compromised in control animals, was preserved in the minocycline-treated animals.ConclusionsThis study's data imply that minocycline may attenuate reactive astrocytosis in response to injury with better neurologic outcome in a model of spinal cord ischemia in rats. The data suggest that future use of minocycline, clinically, might be advantageous in surgeries with a potential risk for paraplegia due to spinal cord ischemia.Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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