• Tao Yan, Poornima Venkat, Xinchun Ye, Michael Chopp, Alex Zacharek, Ruizhuo Ning, Yisheng Cui, Cynthia Roberts, Nicole Kuzmin-Nichols, Cyndy Davis Sanberg, and Jieli Chen.
• Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA; Tianjin Neurological Institute, Neurology of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
• CNS Neurosci Ther. 2014 Oct 1; 20 (10): 935-44.

Background And PurposeWe investigated the neurorestorative effects and underlying mechanisms of stroke treatment with human umbilical cord blood cells (HUCBCs) in Type one diabetes mellitus (T1DM) rats.MethodsType one diabetes mellitus rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) and 24 h later were treated with: (1) phosphate-buffered-saline; (2) HUCBCs. Brain endothelial cells (MBECs) were cultured and capillary tube formation was measured.ResultsHuman umbilical cord blood cells treatment significantly improved functional outcome and promoted white matter (WM) remodeling, as identified by Bielschowsky silver, Luxol fast blue and SMI-31 expression, increased oligodendrocyte progenitor cell and oligodendrocyte density after stroke in T1DM rats. HUCBC also promoted vascular remodeling, evident from enhanced vascular and arterial density and increased artery diameter, and decreased blood-brain barrier leakage. HUCBC treatment also increased Angiopoietin-1 and decreased receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) expression compared to T1DM-MCAo control. In vitro analysis of MBECs demonstrated that Ang1 inversely regulated RAGE expression. HUCBC and Ang1 significantly increased capillary tube formation and decreased inflammatory factor expression, while anti-Ang1 attenuated HUCBC-induced tube formation and antiinflammatory effects.ConclusionHuman umbilical cord blood cells is an effective neurorestorative therapy in T1DM-MCAo rats and the enhanced vascular and WM remodeling and associated functional recovery after stroke may be attributed to increasing Angiopoietin-1 and decreasing RAGE.© 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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