• Edward Jozef Baert, Frank Dewaele, Jelle Vandersteene, Giorgio Hallaert, Kalala Jean-Pierre O JO Department of Neurosurgery, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium., and Dirk Van Roost.
• Department of Neurosurgery, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium. Electronic address: edward.baert@uzgent.be.
• World Neurosurg. 2018 Oct 1; 118: e34-e42.

BackgroundSince the 1950s, hydrocephalus has been be treated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunts, usually to the peritoneal cavity or to the right cardiac atrium. However, because of their siphoning effect, these shunts lead to nonphysiologic CSF drainage, with possible comorbidity and high revision rates. More sophisticated shunt valve systems significantly increase costs and technical complexity and remain unsuccessful in a subgroup of patients. In an attempt to obtain physiologic CSF shunting, many neurosurgical pioneers shunted towards the dural sinuses, taking advantage of the physiologic antisiphoning effect of the internal jugular veins. Despite several promising reports, the ventriculosinus shunts have not yet become standard neurosurgical practice.MethodsIn this single-center prospective clinical study, we implanted the retrograde ventriculosinus shunt, as advocated by El-Shafei, in 10 patients. This article reports on our operation technique and long-term outcome, including 4 patients in whom this shunt was implanted as a rescue operation.ResultsImplantation of a ventriculosinus shunt proved to be feasible, warranting physiologic drainage of CSF. However, in only 3 of 14 patients, functionality of the retrograde ventriculosinus shunt was maintained during more than 6 years of follow-up. In our opinion, these shunts fail because present venous access devices are difficult to implant correctly and become too easily obstructed. After discussion of possible causes of this frequent obstruction, a new dural venous sinus access device is presented.ConclusionAn easy-to-implant and thrombogenic-resistant dural venous sinus access device needs to be developed before ventriculosinus shunting can become general practice.Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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